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Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat : ウィキペディア英語版
Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat

Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat is a theological polemic written by Hanbali Islamic scholar Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi between 1185 and 1192.〔Swartz, Merlin. ''A Medieval Critique of Anthropomorphism''. Brill, 2001, p. 44.〕 The polemic is primarily directed at what, Ibn al-Jawzi held to be, growing anthropomorphic beliefs within the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought. It singles out three prominent teachers within the Hanbali school: Al Hasan ibn Hamid (d. 1013), or Ibn Hamid, Muhammad ibn al-Husayn (d.1066), or al-Qadi Abu Ya'la, and Ibn al-Jawzi's own teacher, Ali ibn Ubayd Allah, or Ibn az-Zaghuni (d. 1132), contending that they shirked from the beliefs of the school's founder, Ahmad ibn Hanbal.〔Swartz, Merlin. ''A Medieval Critique of Anthropomorphism''. Brill, 2001, p. 60.〕〔Swartz, Merlin. ''A Medieval Critique of Anthropomorphism''. Brill, 2001, p. 135-136〕
== Anthropomorphism vs. Traditionalism ==

In the polemic, Ibn al-Jawzi distinguishes between anthropomorphic interpretation of ambiguous Qur'anic verses and hadith, and traditional interpretation. He writes in ''Kitab akhbar as-Sifat'':

The imam Ahmad used to say "Let the texts of scripture stand as they are." Some of his leading disciples followed this principle ... However, three persons whom we have already mentioned viz. Ibn Hamid, the Qadi (Ya'la ), and Ibn az-Zaghuni are well known as advocates of a method of interpretation that takes sense experience as its point of departure.〔Swartz, Merlin. ''A Medieval Critique of Anthropomorphism''. Brill, 2001, p.134-137 .〕

He writes elsewhere in the polemic:

I say to my fellow Hanbalis: You are proponents of scripture and tradition ... Has anyone ever reported to you that Ahmad taught God's () on the throne is one of the attributes of his essence or an attribute of action? On what grounds do you justify venturing into (discussion ) of such matters?〔Swartz, Merlin. ''A Medieval Critique of Anthropomorphism''. Brill, 2001, p.122-123〕


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